Historical roots and the evolving science of forest management under a systemic perspective

In recent history, both a growing awareness of how scientific and societal uncertainty impacts management decisions the intrinsic value nature have suggested new approaches to forest management, with debate in science over need for paradigmatic shift from classic conventional world view, based on determinism, predictability, output-oriented towards view that has roots complex adaptive systems theory is consistent nature-based ethic. A conceptual framework under this context provided by systemic silviculture. discussion, we analyze approach can be linked three fundamental moments history forestry science: Dauerwald theory, Gurnaud’s control method, origins environmental ethics. Relationships current research perspectives are also highlighted.